Antihistamines are commonly used medications that help relieve symptoms of allergies, such as sneezing, itching, and runny nose.
They work by blocking the action of histamine, a chemical that is released during an allergic reaction.
While antihistamines are generally safe and well-tolerated, some individuals may experience side effects, including anxiety.
What is Anxiety?
Anxiety is a condition characterized by feelings of worry, fear, and uneasiness. It can manifest in various ways, such as restlessness, irritability, racing thoughts, and difficulty concentrating.
Some people may also experience physical symptoms, such as increased heart rate, sweating, and trembling.
What Can Cause Anxiety?
Causes of anxiety include the following:
- Genetics
- Stress
- Lifestyle factors
- Certain medications, including antihistamines, have been reported to trigger or exacerbate anxiety in some individuals.
How Antihistamines Cause Anxiety
One reason antihistamines may cause anxiety is due to their sedative effects.
Many antihistamines, especially older generation ones such as diphenhydramine, can cross the blood-brain barrier and cause drowsiness.
This sedating effect can result in feelings of lethargy and grogginess, which can be distressing and contribute to anxiety.
On the other hand, newer generation antihistamines, such as loratadine and cetirizine, are generally considered non-sedating and are less likely to cause drowsiness and associated anxiety.
Another mechanism through which antihistamines may cause anxiety is by disrupting the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain. Histamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in regulating wakefulness, appetite, and mood.
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By blocking histamine receptors, antihistamines can alter the normal functioning of this neurotransmitter, leading to changes in mood and anxiety symptoms in some individuals.
Additionally, antihistamines can interact with other medications that affect the central nervous system, such as sedatives, tranquilizers, and antidepressants. These interactions can amplify the sedative effects of antihistamines, leading to increased drowsiness, impaired coordination, and heightened anxiety.
It’s important to note that not everyone who takes antihistamines will experience anxiety as a side effect. The occurrence of anxiety with antihistamines is relatively rare, and most people tolerate these medications well.
However, if you have a history of anxiety or are prone to anxiety symptoms, it’s important to be aware of the potential for antihistamines to trigger or worsen anxiety, and to discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider.
While antihistamines are generally considered safe and effective for relieving allergy symptoms, they can potentially cause anxiety in some individuals.
The sedative effects of antihistamines, their impact on neurotransmitters, and their interactions with other medications can contribute to anxiety symptoms.
What to Do If Antihistamines Worsen Your Anxiety
If you notice increased anxiety or other concerning side effects while taking antihistamines, it’s important to seek medical advice.
Board-certified physicians can evaluate your individual situation and determine the most appropriate treatment approach for you.
